Part VII in Java

Integrating EAN13 in Java Part VII

Therefore, the weight vector derived using the SMI method is a least squares solution. It can be shown theoretically that the array weights derived by the SMI approach converge more rapidly towards their final values than those generated by the LMS algorithm. However, there are practical difficulties associated with the employment of the SMI algorithm. Specifically, the inversion of the potentially large correlation matrix, R, requires a high complexity. Specifically, the complexity of the matrix inversion is proportional to L 3 , where L is the matrix dimensionality, and it is thus very computationally expensive. However, the matrix inversion may be avoided by using the recursive techniques of Equation 3.75. In [ 151 Strandell et al. investigated the performanceof an adaptive antenna system using the SMI adaptation algorithm. The system was integrated into an existing DCS-1800 base station and used the 26-bit equaliser training sequence in each traffic burst as the reference signal. The performance of the adaptive antennawas evaluated in the laboratory initially, so as to avoidmultipath propagation. wasshown that the algorithm was capable of suppressing It an interferer, when the power ofthe interferer was withinthe dynamic range the Analogueof to-Digital Converter (ADC) used to digitise the signals arriving at the antenna array elements. The ADC had an eight-bit resolution giving approximately a 48 dB dynamic range spanning from -32 dBm to -80 dBm. Consequently, below -80 dBm the interferer is buried in the noise and no suppression is possible. Therefore, stronger interferers are suppressed more effectively than weak ones. The adaptive antenna found to improve the SIR by more than was 30 dB in conjunction with an interferer power at -40 dBm and a desiredinput signal power between -70 dBm -40 dBm. When either of the signal levels exceeded the dynamic range and of the ADC, the SIR improvementwas very low, evenless than 0 dB in some circumstances. The performanceof the antenna was then evaluatedin an openterrain environment, with no obstacles within 500 m of the antenna. It was found that even though there was some array pattern distortion, or angular pointing error in the direction of the main beam, the interfering signal located at an angle of 90" with respect to the desired signal was suppressed by about 25 dB relative to the main beam. The pointing error of the main beam was due to the relatively short, 26-bit training sequence used, leading to a poorly estimated array output correlation matrix, when the desired signal was present in the matrix [27 l]. Asolution to this problem is the positive diagonal loading technique[271], where adding asmall value to the diagonal elements of the matrix results in faster weight convergence. In conjunction with a perfectly estimated array output correlation matrix all the noise eigenvaluesare identical and equal to the noise variance [15]. In contrast, a poor estimate of the array output correlation matrix gives non-identical eigenvalues,resulting in a distorted array pattern. If the loading value is larger than the noise eigenvalues,but smaller than the eigenvalues of the desired and interfering signal, then the overall noise level is increased, resulting in almost identical noise eigenvalues [272]. The loading value 1 was chosen so that Z/02 x 10' [271]. The diagonal loading decreasesthe SIR, but increases the SNR dueto the lower sidelobe levels, leaving the SINR unchanged [271]. The SIR improvement achievedby the adaptive antenna was measured for Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) separations ranging from 2.5" to 180" at a constant input SIR of 20 dB. The interference suppression capability varied from 31 dB for a 180" angular separationto 26 dB for a 2.5' separation. However, as a consequenceof the limited

Entrance window (p+ back diode)

4. RMB click the spiral in the FeatureManager and show it. Open a new sketch on the Top plane. 5. Try to draw a horizontal line from the outer end of the spiral. You will notice that you cannot reference the end of the spiral.

mechanism, you can access the Media Sharing options window. We discuss this interface in 11. View or print the homegroup password. This one is pretty self-explanatory but note that you cannot change the homegroup password from this interface. Change the password. This allows you to change the homegroup password. We recommend doing so, and using a password that you will remember if you need to join the homegroup from another PC. Change advanced sharing settings. The enormous window (see Figure 9-26) that appears when you select this option lets you access a number of important network- and sharing-related features. These include network discovery (which determines whether your PC can find other computers and devices on the network and vice versa), file and printer sharing (which can be globally enabled or disabled), public folder sharing (which can be globally enabled or disabled), media streaming (which is accessed via a separate Media streaming options interface we discuss in 11), password-protected sharing (which affects the oldschool sharing methods discussed at the end of this chapter), and HomeGroup connections (which determines whether to allow Windows to utilize simple homegroup-based sharing or to revert to the sharing technologies provided by previous Windows versions).

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Uses of the STOP key PURPOSE By itself, STOP bypasses the Power-on Self Test (POST). Aborts the POST. Forces a diagnostic power on. The diag-switch NVRAM parameter will be set to true. This does not work on USB keyboards. Forces both the input and output to go to ttya. L1-A is still accepted on the keyboard. This does not work on USB keyboards. Resets NVRAM settings to the defaults. This does not work on USB keyboards. If you are working on a Sun Blade 1000 or 2000, power up, wait for the power LED to blink and the speaker to beep, then hit the power button twice in a row.

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